Pivot Point Color 110 Practice Test

Permanent color relies on oxidative chemistry. It uses color precursors that, with a developer, oxidize and form larger pigment molecules inside the cortex, giving long-lasting color. An alkaline agent like ammonia is commonly included to lift the cuticle, allowing pigment molecules to penetrate the hair shaft. Because of this process, the color remains after many washes and throughout regrowth.

Direct dye, by contrast, sits on the surface and is non-oxidative, so it fades quickly. It’s not designed to last for months. And permanent color does require a developer to activate and deposit the pigment, so the claim that no developer is needed doesn’t fit.